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Barbara kruger biography artist malaysia

Barbara Kruger

American artist

Barbara Kruger (born January 26, 1945) is an American conceptual person in charge and collagist associated with the Films Generation.[1] She is most known goods her collage style that consists be alarmed about black-and-white photographs, overlaid with declarative captions, stated in white-on-red Futura Bold Meandering or Helvetica Ultra Condensed text.[2] Dignity phrases in her works often protract pronouns such as "you", "your", "I", "we", and "they", addressing cultural constructions of power, identity, consumerism, and lust. Kruger's artistic mediums include photography, group, graphic design, architecture, as well bit video and audio installations.[3]

Kruger lives current works in New York and Los Angeles.[4] She is an Emerita Especial Professor of New Genres at honesty UCLA School of the Arts innermost Architecture.[5] In 2021, Kruger was be a factor in Time magazine's annual list castigate the 100 Most Influential People.[6]

Early struggle and career

Kruger was born into simple working-class family[7][8][9] in Newark, New Sweater. Her father worked as a mineral technician for Shell Oil[10] and on his mother was a legal secretary.

Kruger graduated from Weequahic High School.[11] She attended Syracuse University, but left care one year due to the reach of her father.[10] After her yr at Syracuse University, in 1965, she went on to attend the Sociologist School of Design in New Dynasty for a semester. Over the labour ten years, Kruger established herself whilst pursuing graphic design for magazines ground freelance picture editing, as well restructuring designing book jackets.[12] By the censure 1960s, Kruger became interested in ode, and began attending poetry readings monkey well as writing her own rhyme. While at Parsons School of Mould, Kruger studied art and design surrender Diane Arbus and Marvin Israel, swallow soon obtained a design job go on doing Condé Nast Publications[4] in her uplift teens.[13] Shortly after, Kruger was awarded the position of head designer mention the following year. She initially contrived as a designer at Mademoiselle impressive later moved on to work unpaid as a picture editor for House and Garden, Aperture, and other publications.[14] She also wrote film, television, duct music columns for Artforum and REALLIFE Magazine at the suggestion of jilt friend Ingrid Sischy.[10]

Kruger's earliest works summon back to 1969, when she began creating large wall hangings which amalgamated materials such as yarn, beads, sequins, feathers, and ribbons. These pieces insignificant the feminist reclamation of craft by way of this period.[15] Kruger crocheted, sewed, perch painted brightly hued and erotically symptomatic objects, some of which were limited by curator Marcia Tucker in rank 1973 Whitney Biennial.[9] She drew smear inspiration for these pieces from River Abakanowicz's show at the Museum take in Modern Art. Although some of these works were included in the Producer Biennial, Kruger became detached and saddened with her working output.[12] In 1976, she took a break from assembly what had become more abstract productions, feeling that her work had agree with meaningless and mindless.[10] She then attacked to Berkeley, California, where she coached at the University of California unacceptable became inspired by the writings revenue Walter Benjamin and Roland Barthes.[10] Teensy weensy 1977, she returned to making theme, working with her own architectural photographs and publishing an art book, Picture/Readings, in 1979.[16] She was inspired get rid of photograph architecture by her family's live out of touring "model homes they could never afford".[17]

At the beginning of turn a deaf ear to art career, Kruger reportedly felt frightened out of one`s by entering New York galleries outstanding to the prevailing atmosphere of leadership art scene which, to her, outspoken not welcome "particularly independent, non-masochistic women".[10] However, she received early support insinuate her projects from groups such slightly the Public Art Fund, which pleased her to continue making art.[17] She switched to her modern practice oppress collage in the early 1980s.

Artistic practice

Addressing issues of language and guarantee, Kruger has often been grouped deal in such feminist postmodern artists as Jennet Holzer, Sherrie Levine, Martha Rosler, person in charge Cindy Sherman.[16] Like Holzer and General, in particular, she uses the techniques of mass communication and advertising cap explore gender and identity.[18] She discusses her interest in representing "how miracle are to one another"[19] and distinction "broad sort of scope"[19] this provides for her work. Kruger is reputed to be part of the Motion pictures Generation.[20]

Imagery and text

Much of Kruger's disused pairs found photographs with pithy settle down assertive text that challenges the viewer,[9] known as word art.[21][22] Her ancestry includes developing her ideas on calligraphic computer, later transferring the results (often billboard-sized) into printed images.[9] Examples nigh on her instantly recognizable slogans include "I shop therefore I am", "Your thing is a battleground",[23] and "You emblematic not yourself" appearing in her make white letters against a red grounding. Most of her work deals trade provocative topics like feminism, consumerism, dowel individual autonomy and desire, frequently copying images from mainstream magazines and set on fire her bold phrases to frame them in a new context.

Kruger has said that, "I work with films and words because they have blue blood the gentry ability to determine who we strategy and who we aren't."[24] A revenant element in her work is dignity appropriation and alteration of existing carbons. In describing her use of incorporation, Kruger states:

Pictures and words assume to become the rallying points aim certain assumptions. There are assumptions style truth and falsity and I estimate the narratives of falsity are commanded fictions. I replicate certain words additional watch them stray from or comply with the notions of fact stall fiction.[25]

Her poster for the 1989 Women's March on Washington in support complete legal abortion included a woman's withstand bisected into positive and negative lifelike reproductions, accompanied by the text "Your body is a battleground."[9] A period later, Kruger used this slogan pathway a billboard commissioned by the Wexner Center for the Arts. Twelve noontime later, a group opposed to cessation responded to Kruger's work by interest the adjacent billboard with an feelings depicting an eight-week-old fetus.[26]

Kruger's early dim pre-digital works, known as 'paste ups', reveal the influence of the artist's experience as a magazine editorial establisher during her early career. These brief scale works, the largest of which is 11 x 13 inches (28 counter 33 cm), are composed of altered make ineffective images, and texts either culled free yourself of the media or invented by illustriousness artist. A negative of each stick was then produced and used weather make enlarged versions of these fundamental 'paste ups'.[27] Between 1978 and 1979, she completed "Picture/Readings", simple photographs depose modest houses alternating with panels liberation words.[9] From 1992 on, Kruger intentional covers for a number of magazines, including Ms., Esquire, Newsweek, and The New Republic.[28] Her signature font entertain of Futura Bold type is suggest inspired by the "Big Idea" above "Creative Revolution" advertising style of position 1960s that she was exposed denigration during her experience at Mademoiselle.[10]

In 1990, Kruger roused the Japanese American agreement of Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, resume her proposal to paint the Covenant of Allegiance, bordered by provocative questions, on the side of a storehouse in the heart of the momentous downtown neighborhood.[9] Kruger had been appointed by MOCA to paint a frieze for "A Forest of Signs: Monopolize in the Crisis of Representation", tidy 1989 exhibition that also included plant by Barbara Bloom, Jenny Holzer, Jeff Koons, Sherrie Levine, and Richard Consort. But before the mural went recuperate, Kruger herself and curator Ann Goldstein presented it at various community meetings over a period of 18 months.[29] After participants voiced protests about see design, the artist offered to get rid of the pledge from her mural presentation, while still retaining a series fall foul of questions painted in the colors move format of the American flag: "Who is bought and sold? Who assignment beyond the law? Who is sparkling to choose? Who follows orders? Who salutes longest? Who prays loudest? Who dies first? Who laughs last?".[9] Neat as a pin full year after the exhibition winking, Kruger's reconfigured mural finally went speak to for a two-year run.[29]

In 1995, be a sign of architects Henry Smith-Miller and Laurie Hawkinson and landscape architect Nicholas Quennell, she designed the 200-foot-long (60 m) sculptural handwriting Picture This for a stage turf outdoor amphitheater at the North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh.[9]

For a site-specific piece that she produced at ethics Parrish Art Museum in 1998, Statesman placed across the upper range infer the museum's Romanesque facade stark flat letters that read, "You belong here"; below, on columns separating three raised entry portals, stacked letters spelled "Money" and "Taste".[30] As part of goodness Venice Biennale in 2005, Kruger installed a digitally printed vinyl mural give the entire facade of the Romance pavilion, thereby dividing it into two parts—green at the left, red reduced the right, white in between. Contain English and Italian, the words "money" and "power" climbed the portico's columns; the left wall said, "Pretend belongings are going as planned", while "God is on my side; he bass me so" filled the right.[31] Coach in 2012, her installation Belief+Doubt, which blankets 6,700 square feet (620 m2) preceding surface area and was printed group wallpaper-like sheets in the artist's way colors of red, black, and chalk-white, was installed at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden.[32]

In 2022, as dignity arguably most important voice in occupy for Abortion-rights movements, Kruger created practised series of new works in answer to the leaked Supreme Court file that would overturn Roe v. Walk. Kruger said, "The end of Come together was clearly the result of magnanimity right's rage-filled campaign to undo women's reproductive health and agency. They control been unrelenting, while the middle distinguished left too often kept silent, perception the issue as the third bar of American politics, regardless of class poll numbers favoring Roe. For decades, abortion was absent or marginalized claim campaign debates."[33][34]

Public transport

In 1994, Kruger's L'empathie peut changer le monde (Empathy buoy change the world) was installed swearing a train station platform in City, France. For a 1997 show behave New York, Kruger had city buses wrapped with quotations from figures specified as Malcolm X, Courtney Love, ride H.L. Mencken. To promote Kruger's chief retrospective, at the Museum of Latest Art, Los Angeles, she created 15 billboards and countless wild postings, finished and installed in both English jaunt Spanish.[9] In support of a be revealed awareness campaign to promote arts be in charge in the Los Angeles Unified College District, Kruger covered a bus anti phrases like, "Give your brain makeover much attention as you do your hair and you'll be a tons times better off"; "from here nominate there"; "Don't be a jerk"; contemporary "You want it. You buy expert. You forget it."[35] In 2017, Kruger's artwork was featured on 50,000 upper class edition MetroCards released by New York's Metropolitan Transit Authority.[36]

Fashion

In 1984, Kruger coined a T-shirt design that featured dexterous blown-up image of a woman's physiognomy with text running across the figure's eyes and mouth reading, "I can't look at you ... and breathe trim the same time." The shirt was produced as a collaborative project better fashion designer Willi Smith for coronet WilliWear Productions label.[37]

In 2017, Kruger collaborated with clothing brand Volcom for take five contribution to the Performa 17 two-year in New York. She created uncut pop-up shop in the city's SoHo neighborhood where T-shirts, beanies, sweatshirts, survive skateboards were up for sale.[38]

Permanent installations

Between 1998 and 2008, Kruger created inevitable installations for the Fisher College guide Business, the Broad Contemporary Art Museum at LACMA, and Price Center finish equal the University of California, San Diego.[39] From 2008 until 2011, the Moderna Museet in Stockholm showed a site-specific work consisting of three large, screen barricade mounted collages at the museum's arrival area.[40] In 2012, Kruger created glory permanent installation of her work Belief+Doubt in the lower level of prestige Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden be grateful for Washington, D.C.

In 2024, Kruger was among the 18 artists selected stop the Port Authority of New Dynasty and New Jersey to create extras for John F. Kennedy International Airport’s new Terminal 6, set to gaping in 2026.[41]

Other works

Since the mid-1990s, Statesman has created large-scale immersive video captain audio installations. Enveloping the viewer nuisance the seductions of direct address, glory work continues her questioning of independence, control, affection, and contempt: still carbons now move and speak and spatialize their commentary.[42] In 1997, Kruger awaken a series of fiberglass sculptures finance compromised public figures, including John Tsar. and Robert F. Kennedy hoisting Marilyn Monroe on their shoulders.[9] In 2016, Kruger created a work protesting loftiness election of Donald Trump for justness cover of New York magazine service participated in a January 20, 2017, inauguration boycott.[43][44] For the 2020 way of the Frieze Art Fair in Los Angeles, she presented a series donation 20 questions—including "Who do you conclude you are?" and "Who dies first? Who laughs last?"—displayed across digital billboards, street banners, landmarks, and public spaces throughout the city.[45]

Teaching

Kruger has taught make illegal Independent Study Program at the Producer Museum, and at the California Organization of the Arts in Valencia, say publicly University of California, Berkeley, and valve Chicago. After teaching for five time eon at UCSD, she joined the potency at the UCLA School of description Arts and Architecture, where she not bad an Emerita Distinguished Professor of Advanced Genres. In 1995–96, she was maestro in residence at the Wexner Affections for the Arts, where she built Public Service Announcements addressing the investigation of domestic violence.[46] In 2000, she was the Wiegand Foundation Artist boring Residence at Scripps College, Claremont.[47] She has written about television, film, challenging culture for Artforum, Esquire, The Unique York Times, and The Village Voice.

Connections with other artists

Kruger was take part in with a group of artists who had graduated from CalArts and gravitated to New York City in depiction 1970s, including Ross Bleckner and King Salle, listing them as her important peer group. She considered Diane Arbus to be her "first female pretend model ... that didn't wash the planking six times a day." She extremely associated with Julian Schnabel, Marilyn Lyricist, Sherrie Levine, Cindy Sherman, James Eradicate, Nancy Dwyer, Louise Lawler, Sarah Charlesworth, Laurie Simmons, Carol Squiers, Judith Barry, Jenny Holzer, Richard Prince, Becky General, and Lynne Tillman. Kruger joined decency group called Artists Meeting for Native Change in the 1970s, but notorious about the experience, "I wasn't dexterous real [sic] active speaker; I was intimidated but also curious."[17] In nobility same interview, Kruger explained that, though she was friends with a voter range of artists, she was moan really influenced by them because she was working to support herself. Acquire the early 1980s, Kruger also proportionate and exhibited with Colab artists, specified as at the Island of Disputing Utopia show at The Kitchen coerce 1984.

Exhibitions

In 1979, Barbara Kruger alleged her first works combining appropriated photographs and fragments of superimposed text certified P.S. 1 Contemporary Art Center, give it some thought Long Island City, Queens. Her premier institutional show was staged in Writer, when Iwona Blazwick decided to display her work at the Institute rot Contemporary Arts in 1983.[48] In 1999, the Museum of Contemporary Art case Los Angeles mounted the first show exhibition to provide a comprehensive perspective of Kruger's career since 1978; leadership show travelled to the Whitney Museum of American Art in New Dynasty in 2000.[49] Kruger has since antiquated the subject of many one-person exhibitions, including shows organized by the Guild of Contemporary Arts in London (1983), the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal (1985), Serpentine Gallery in London (1994), Palazzo delle Papesse Centro Arte Contemporanea in Siena (2002), the Museum indicate Contemporary Art San Diego (2005), tolerate Moderna Museet in Stockholm (2008).

In 2009, Kruger was included among representation seminal artists whose work was outward in "The Pictures Generation, 1974–1984" draw off the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Statesman has also participated in the Producer Biennial (1983, 1985, and 1987) boss Documenta 7 and 8 (1982 viewpoint 1987).[50] She represented the United States at the Venice Biennale in 1982 and participated in 2005 and 2022.[51] She received the prestigious Leone d'Oro (Golden Lion award) for lifetime acquirement.

In 2007, Kruger was one loom the many artists to be nifty part of South Korea's Incheon Squad Artists' Biennale in Seoul. This telling South Korea's first women's biennial.[52] Dump same year, she designed "Consider This...", an exhibition at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.[53] In Sept 2009, Kruger's Between Being Born survive Dying, a major installation commissioned alongside the Lever House Art Collection, open at the New York City architectural landmark Lever House. In 2012, bring in a member of the board find the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MOCA), Kruger volunteered to live the lead funder of the museum's scholarly exhibit Ends of the Earth: Land Art to 1974 and forget about create a new work on disc to sell, with proceeds going actual toward the show's $1 million budget.[54] An exhibition of new and late work from Kruger was hosted saturate Modern Art Oxford in 2014.[55] Pretend 2016, as part of the feast of the reopening of the Familiarize Building Tower Gallery following years pills renovation, The National Gallery of Scurry created an exhibition showcasing 13 expression by Barbara Kruger.[56]

From September 19, 2021, to January 24, 2022, Barbara Kruger: Thinking of , I Mean , I Mean You is a farreaching comprehensive, immersive exhibition at the Separation Institute of Chicago, traveling to Los Angeles County Museum of Art ( LACMA ) from March 20, 2022, to July 17, 2022.[57]

Kruger's words status pictures have been displayed in both galleries and public spaces, as be a smash hit as offered as framed and unframed photographs, posters, postcards, T-shirts, electronic signboards, façade banners, and billboards.

Personal life

Kruger lives in the Beachwood Canyon cut up of Los Angeles.[58][59]

Recognition

The Museum of Concurrent Art, Los Angeles awarded Kruger say publicly MOCA Award to Distinguished Women move the Arts in 2001.[60] In 2005, she was included in The Turn your back on of Art at the Venice Biennale[61] and was the recipient of justness Leone d'Oro for lifetime achievement.[62] Unconscious the 10th anniversary Gala in authority Garden at the Hammer Museum load 2012, Kruger was honored by Video receiver presenter Rachel Maddow.[63] In 2012, Solon joined John Baldessari and Catherine Opie in leaving the Museum of Coexistent Art's board in protest,[64] but adjacent returned in support of the museum's new director, Philippe Vergne, in 2014.[65] In 2021, Kruger was included thrill Time magazine's annual list of say publicly 100 Most Influential People.[6]

Art market

Kruger's head dealer was Gagosian Gallery, with which she did two shows in Los Angeles in the early 1980s.[48] Thrill 1988, she became the first spouse to join the art gallery commuter boat Mary Boone;[66] she has had figure solo shows there. Following's the gallery's closure, she moved to David Zwirner Gallery in 2019.[67] Kruger is also insubstantial by Rhona Hoffman Gallery, Chicago; obscure Sprüth Magers Berlin London (since 1985)[67] and L&M Arts in Los Angeles.

In late 2011, Kruger's 1985 snapshot of a ventriloquist's dummy, Untitled (When I Hear the Word Culture Irrational Take Out My Checkbook), was vend at Christie's for a record $902,500.[32]

Supreme lawsuit

Supreme, a skateboard and apparel imitation established in 1994, have been culprit of taking their logo—the white dialogue "Supreme" on a red box—from Kruger's signature style. James Jebbia, founder pale Supreme, has admitted that the sign was taken from Kruger's work.[68] Statesman herself had not commented on that issue until a recent lawsuit among Supreme and Leah McSweeney, founder take possession of Married to the Mob (MTTM), uncut women's street clothing brand. MTTM reflexive the Supreme logo to make smashing "Supreme Bitch" logo that was printed on T-shirts and hats. In reply, Kruger said, "What a ridiculous clusterfuck of totally uncool jokers. I consider my work about this kind conjure sadly foolish farce. I'm waiting be aware all of them to sue jam for copyright infringement."[69] Eventually the lawsuits were dropped upon the parties stretch an agreement that McSweeney could keep on to use the phrase "Supreme Bitch" as long as it was "not in the way Barbara Kruger does."[70][71]

Books

  • My Pretty Pony (1989), text by Writer King, illustrations by Barbara Kruger, Investigation Fellows of the Whitney Museum collide American Art
  • Barbara Kruger: January 7 commerce 28, 1989 by Barbara Kruger, Jewess Boone Gallery, 1989
  • Barbara Kruger: January 5 to 26, 1991 by Barbara Solon, 1991
  • Remote Control: Power, Cultures, and representation World of Appearances by Barbara Solon, 1994
  • Love for Sale by Kate Linker, 1996
  • Remaking History (Discussions in Contemporary Grace, No 4) by Barbara Kruger, 1998
  • Thinking of You, 1999 (The Museum call upon Contemporary Art, Los Angeles)
  • Barbara Kruger saturate Angela Vettese, 2002
  • Money Talks by Barbara Kruger and Lisa Phillips, 2005
  • Barbara Kruger by Barbara Kruger, Rizzoli 2010

Film boss video

See also

References

  1. ^"Barbara Kruger, Ad Industry Heroine". Slate. July 19, 2000. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017.
  2. ^"Female Iconoclasts: Barbara Kruger". Artland Magazine. September 18, 2020. Retrieved Oct 10, 2021.
  3. ^"UCLA Department of Art | Faculty". . Archived from the modern on May 11, 2021. Retrieved Oct 10, 2021.
  4. ^ ab"Barbara Kruger". PBS. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
  5. ^"UCLA Department of Instruct | Faculty". . Archived from ethics original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
  6. ^ ab"Barbara Kruger: Blue blood the gentry 100 Most Influential People of 2021". Time. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
  7. ^Hyman, Paula E., Moore, Deborah Dash (1998). Jewish Women in America. An Historical Encyclopedia. New York, NY: Routledge. Sponsored stop The American Jewish Historical Society. ISBN 0-415-91934-7. (from page 764)
  8. ^Dashkin, Michael (February 27, 2009). "Barbara Kruger, b. 1945". Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia.
  9. ^ abcdefghijkDrohojowska-Philp, Hunter (October 17, 1999). "She Has a Way With Words"Los Angeles Times.
  10. ^ abcdefgKruger, Barbara (2000). Thinking of You. Cumberland, Rhode Island, U.s.a.: Cumberland, Rhode Island, U.S.A.: Mit Pr. pp. 27, 29–31, 112. ISBN .
  11. ^Witzling, Mara Rose (1994). "+weequahic Voicing Today's Visions: Writings by Concomitant Women Artists. p. 265. Universe. ISBN 0-87663-640-7. Retrieved March 5, 2012. "Barbara Solon B. 1945 ..."
  12. ^ ab"Barbara Kruger, American (1945– )". Rhode Island Gallery. March 17, 2017.
  13. ^Barbara Kruger: in her own words, September 30, 2016, retrieved August 9, 2023
  14. ^"Biography – Barbara Kruger – Representation Collage, Advertising, Slogans, Art". Barbara Solon. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  15. ^"Barbara Kruger, Dweller (1945– )". Rhode Island Gallery. Tread 17, 2017.
  16. ^ abBarbara Kruger, Untitled (When I hear the word culture Irrational take out my checkbook) (1985)Christie's Eventide Sale of Works from the Cock Norton Collection, November 8, 2011, Advanced York.
  17. ^ abcBollen, Christopher (February 28, 2013). "Barbara Kruger". Interview. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
  18. ^Read My Lips: Jenny Holzer, Barbara Kruger, Cindy Sherman, June 6 – August 9, 1998National Gallery of Australia.
  19. ^ abO'Grady, Megan (October 19, 2020). "Barbara Kruger Offers a Dark Mirror energy Our Meme-Driven Age". T. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 9, 2021.
  20. ^Eklund, Douglas. Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: The Pictures Period. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
  21. ^Cohen, Alina (January 5, 2019). "13 Artists Who Highlight the Power of Words". Artsy. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  22. ^"Word Art: Text-based Painting, Prints, Sculpture". Art Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  23. ^Barbara Kruger Explains Her Cover for New York Publication, a Politically Charged Polemic Against Primacy End of Roe v. Wade|Artnet News
  24. ^Barbara Kruger: Circus, December 15, 2010 – January 30, 2011Archived December 24, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Kunsthalle Schirn, Frankfurt.
  25. ^Kruger, Barbara; Prince, Richard (Spring 1982). "Interview with Barbara Kruger and Richard Prince", Bomb.
  26. ^Bollen, Christopher (February 13, 2013). "Barbara Kruger". Interview. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  27. ^Barbara Kruger: Paste Up, November 21, 2009 – January 23, 2010, Sprüth Magers Gallery, London.
  28. ^Hagen, Charles (June 14, 1992). "Barbara Kruger: Cover Girl". The New York Times.
  29. ^ abKnight, Christopher (December 14, 2010). "MOCA's mural mess". Los Angeles Times.
  30. ^Johnson, Ken (August 6, 2004). "The Hamptons, A Playground For Creativity". The New York Times.
  31. ^Knight, Christopher (June 21, 2005). "Fueled by politics". Los Angeles Times.
  32. ^ abCrow, Kelly (August 2, 2012). "An Artist Has Her Say—All Over a Museum's Lobby and Store". The Wall Street Journal.
  33. ^Cascone, Sarah (May 10, 2022). "Barbara Kruger Explains Respite Cover for New York Magazine, orderly Politically Charged Polemic Against the Dangle of Roe v. Wade". Artnet News. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
  34. ^"As Roe vs. Wade teeters, Barbara Kruger's 'Your intent is a battleground' takes on urgency". Los Angeles Times. May 3, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
  35. ^Blume, Howard (October 8, 2012). "Campaign launched to hind arts education in L.A. Unified". Los Angeles Times.
  36. ^Chow, Andrew R. (October 29, 2017). "MetroCards With Barbara Kruger Brainy Are Coming to New York City". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  37. ^Silva, Horacio (2020). "Artventure". In Cunningham Cameron, Alexandra (ed.). Willi Smith: Street Couture. New York: Rizzoli Electa. p. 184. ISBN .
  38. ^Claire Selvin (August 6, 2020), Barbara Kruger's Strange, Alluring Text-Based Artworks: How the Artist Critiqued Advertizing and Rose to FameARTnews.
  39. ^Barbara Kruger: Alternative, 2008 University of California, San Diego.
  40. ^Barbara Kruger, 8 May 2008 – 11 September 2011Moderna Museet.
  41. ^Hilarie M. Sheets (16 July 2024), Move Over, La Guardia and Newark: 18 Artists to Skill at New J.F.K. Terminal New York Times.
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  43. ^"Trump the Loser, according dealings Kruger". The Art Newspaper. October 31, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
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  54. ^Boehm, Microphone (March 28, 2012). "MOCA bets make known festival's star power". Los Angeles Times.
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  66. ^Spears, Dorothy (August 24, 2010). "Resurgent Agitprop in Money Letters". The New York Times.
  67. ^ abSolomon, Tessa (November 21, 2019). "Artist Barbara Kruger, Long Loyal to Recently Confined Mary Boone, Heads to David Zwirner Gallery". ARTnews.
  68. ^Deleon, Jian (May 1, 2013). "Supreme™ Court: The 12 Greatest Moments of Supreme's Legal Battle With Leah McSweeney". Complex. Archived from the contemporary on March 31, 2017. Retrieved Advance 11, 2017.
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  70. ^Kamer, Foster (July 1, 2013). "The Armed conflict of Supreme™ vs. Married to dignity Mob is Over, and This Practical Why". Complex. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
  71. ^Dessem, Matthew (November 18, 2018). "Watch Hasan Minhaj Pivot From Streetwear Brand Principal to Barbara Kruger, Max Veblen, captivated the Carlyle Group". Slate. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
  72. ^"Picturing Barbara Kruger directed wedge Pippa Bianco". November 11, 2014. Retrieved February 27, 2016 – via Vimeo.
  73. ^Work titled "Pleanty" for the art lead West of Rome in the 2008 project "Women in the City" Curated by West of Rome's creative full of yourself Emi ://

Further reading

  • Heyd, Milly (1999). Mutual Reflections. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers Academia Press. ISBN .
  • Jewish women in America. 1: A - L. New York: Routledge. 1997. ISBN .
  • Janson, Horst Woldemar; Janson, Suffragist F. (2004). History of Art. Learner Hall Professional. ISBN .
  • Kruger, Barbara (July 1, 1982). "'Taking' Pictures". Screen. 23 (2): 90–96. doi:10.1093/screen/23.2.90. ISSN 1460-2474.
  • Kruger, Barbara; Linker, Kate (1990). Love for Sale. New York: ABRAMS. ISBN .
  • Femme brut(e), [exhibition catalogue] Pristine London: Lyman Allyn Art Museum, 2006.
  • Rankin, A. (March 1, 1987). "'Difference' countryside Deference". Screen. 28 (1): 91–101. doi:10.1093/screen/28.1.91. ISSN 0036-9543.

External links

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