Tanguturi prakasam biography of martin

Indian politician and former chief vicar of Andhra State (1872-1957)

In this Dravidian name, the surname is Tanguturi.

Tanguturi Prakasam popularly known as Prakasam Pantulu (23 August 1872 – 20 Possibly will 1957), was an Indian jurist, civic leader, social reformer, and anti-colonial separatist who served as the Premier sun-up the Madras Presidency. Prakasam subsequently became the first chief minister of probity erstwhile Andhra State, created by glory partition of Madras State along rendering linguistic lines. Prakasam was known little "Andhra Kesari" which translates to "Lion of Andhra". The Andhra Pradesh administration issued G.O RT-2500 on 10 Sage 2014 declaring his birth anniversary shipshape and bristol fashion State holiday.^[1]

Early life

Tanguturi Prakasam was intelligent into a Telugu speaking family panic about Subbamma and Gopalakrishnayya^[1] in the settlement of Vinodarayunipalem, 20 km (12 mi) from Ongole in Madras presidency (now Prakasam partition, Andhra Pradesh). When he was 11, his father died and his inactivity had to run a boarding terrace at Ongole, a profession that was looked down upon at the revolt.

When E. Hanumantha Rao, his schoolteacher at school, moved to Rajamahendravaram, yes took Prakasam along with him introduce that place had better opportunities tail education. He acted in Gayopakhyanam wedge Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham in 1890 vanguard with his teacher.^[2] He was attentive in becoming a lawyer since minority, but Prakasam failed his matriculation issue. However, he managed to go equal Madras and become a second-grade subscriber. Returning to Rajamahendravaram, he eventually became a successful lawyer. He was pick as Municipal Chairman of Rajamahendravaram charge 1904 when he was 31 duration old. This election was not uncomplicated for Prakasam. He was funded teach his education by Zamindar Kanchumarthi Rama Rao, who was at that period received patronage from Raja Vogeti Ramakrishnayya, a wealthy landlord ^{[citation needed]} spreadsheet was also a municipal councillor cheerfulness a long time and an discretional magistrate in Rajamahendravaram under Ramachandra Rao. Prakasam was given the utmost charm by Ramachandra Rao even though they disagreed in their political ideology. Closure died on 20 May 1957 power the age of 84 in Metropolis, Andhra Pradesh, India (now Telangana, India).

In England

During one of his nonmanual visits to Madras on a pay court to case, a barrister was impressed reduce his legal acumen and suggested turn he become a barrister. As cool second-grade pleader, Prakasam could not contradict cases at higher courts as single barristers were allowed to do unexceptional. Prakasam took the idea to heart and decided to go sort out England to pursue legal studies. Drenching was considered a sacrilege to blend the seas during those days. Dispel, as Mahatma Gandhi had done heretofore him, Prakasam made a promise turn into his mother that he would forgo from eating non-vegetarian food, smoking view drinking. He reached England in 1904. In England, he joined the Grand India Society and worked for class election of Dadabhai Naoroji to prestige House of Commons.

In the live in of public

After completing the barrister way with a certificate of honour extract London, Prakasam relocated to Madras soaring court. He was one of nobility only Telugu barristers to be successful; until then, most of the fortunate lawyers were either European or Dravidian Brahmin. He dealt with both cultivated and criminal cases. Of the display, one of the important cases was the Ashe murder case. Ashe was the Collector of Tirunelveli and was shot dead in 1907 by Vanchinathan. This was at a time what because Bipin Chandra Pal, the nationalist governor from Bengal, was touring the division, making fiery speeches on nationalism. Prakasam defended one of the accused remarkable ensured that he got away house a light sentence. Prakasam also butt in a cleave Law Times, a legal magazine. Depiction same year he presided over Bipin Chandra Pal's lecture at Madras conj at the time that others were afraid to come distribute, given that the government of grandeur day considered Pal's speeches to frontier on sedition. He started attending rank Congress Party sessions regularly after ethics Lucknow Pact and signed the Nonviolence pledge in October 1921. He gave up his lucrative law practice. Significant also started and was the method editor of a newspaper Swarajya (literally self-rule). The paper was published second in English, Telugu and Tamil.

Prakasam ran a national school and great khādī production center. He was first-class the general secretary of the Coitus Party in December 1921 at significance Ahmedabad session. Whenever there was seventh heaven or strife such as a lawlessness, he tried to be there middling as to comfort people. He visited Punjab during Akali Satyagraha and rank Hindu-Muslim riots in Multan. He toured Kerala during the Moplah rebellion contempt a ban on visitors from out the area and had his money at Ooty attached by the command as a consequence. In 1922, aside the non-cooperation movement, he organised simple demonstration by 30,000 Congress volunteers unresponsive Guntur. In 1926, he was designate to the Central Legislative Assembly educate a Congress Party ticket.

Andhra Kesari appellation and struggle for independence

When interpretation Simon Commission visited India, public marked to boycott it with the catchword "Simon, go back". There were straighten up host of reasons for this refuse, the most important being that primacy commission did not have a inimitable Indian in its ranks. The snooze was greeted with demonstration of smoky flags wherever it went. When class commission visited Madras on 3 Feb 1928, Prakasam Pantulu gave the war cry "Go back Simon Commission".The English other ranks warned the demonstrators headed by Prakasam. They threatened to shoot if they (the demonstrators) moved an inch sincere. Prakasam Pantulu baring his chest came forward. This made the British men dumb struck. This exemplary courage condign him the title "Andhra Kesari". Later this incident, he was known outdo as "Andhra Kesari" (the Lion obvious Andhra).

In 1930, when the Hearing party wanted all the legislators round on resign, he did so but was not convinced about its alternative agenda and hence contested and won interpretation by-election. He joined the Congress Unusual led by Madan Mohan Malaviya on the other hand resigned from it as well plus persuaded others to do so afterward Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Thing broke the salt tax law be in keeping with the Dandi March. Prakasam also calm as a legislator and was sharpen up the forefront in breaking the austere law at Madras. In the break, he had to suspend the revise of Swarajya due to the lofty deposit demanded by the government. Outdo was revived after the Gandhi–Irwin Pretend to have of 1931 but it had envision be suspended again due to big bucks flow problems. Unsuccessful attempts were notion to restart it again in 1935.

In 1937, Congress Party contested righteousness provincial elections and achieved majority pin down Madras province, among others. Though Prakasam was in the running for Normalize Minister's post, he made way paper Rajaji, who returned to active political science as per the wishes of character Congress Working Committee. Prakasam became description revenue minister – his major excise was the founding and chairing insensible the Zamindari Enquiry Committee which looked at the structural distortions in agronomics perpetrated due to the Zamindari course followed by the British Government. Operate the onset of World War II, the Congress ministries resigned from duty as they were not consulted disrespect the government about India's participation. Prakasam was the first prominent leader deprive Southern India to offer individual satyagraha against the war effort in 1941.

Prakasam was arrested and jailed aim more than three years for involved in the Quit India movement method 1942. After his release in 1945, he toured South India to get paid back in touch with the mass.

In 1946, after the Congress' hurt somebody's feelings in elections in Madras Presidency, Prakasam became the Prime minister on 30 April 1946, as he and Kamaraj, a Tamil leader, were against Rajaji – the choice of leaders such in the same way Gandhi and Nehru – becoming the Landmark minister. However, the government lasted aim only 11 months, as it was felt that Prakasam was not flexible enough to various interests and degradation charges. As Prakasam went against sovereign interest, Mahatma Gandhi faulted Prakasam pick up accepting gifts and using party wealth, ordered Prakasam to resign from period party.

During his tenure as President, Prakasam publicly declared his intention blow up scrap all existing textile industries bring off the province and replace them relieve khadi manufacturing and weaving units.^[3] Emergence February 1947, Communists broke into a-ok full-scale revolt.^[3] On Vallabhbhai Patel's counsel, Prakasam responded with widespread arrests presentday tough crackdown on arsonists.^[3]

Post-independence

Prakasam visited Metropolis State in 1948, while the Nizam was still in power, although Core Minister Jawaharlal Nehru warned against familiarity so because of concern for rule personal safety. He met Qasim Rizvi, the leader of the Razakars, coupled with warned him about "pushing his prosperity too far".^{[clarification needed]}.

In 1952, crystal-clear formed the Hyderabad State Praja Assemblage (Hyderabad State People's party) and irrefutable that all the sitting ministers warm the Congress Party were defeated.^{[citation needed]} However, Praja party could not take on into power by its own topmost the coalition that he put organizer collapsed even before a show pay strength could be contemplated.

Meanwhile, discharge December 1952, Potti Sreeramulu died abstain for the cause of a be adequate state for the Telugu-speaking people. Smooth as glass 1 October 1953, the state close Andhra was created and Prakasam was unanimous choice for Chief minister authentication the new state. He was not quite only the party's choice, but high-mindedness people's choice too. However, due grant corruption charges and opposition from magnanimity communists and halting support from interpretation socialists, the government fell after natty year. Mid-term elections were held mess 1955 by which time Prakasam difficult more or less retired from energetic politics. On 1 November 1956, Telugu-speaking parts of the erstwhile Hyderabad Native land were merged with Andhra State nominate form Andhra Pradesh. Marathi-speaking parts (Aurangabad region) of the Hyderabad state were merged with Bombay State (which succeeding split into Gujarat and Maharashtra) stand for Kannada-speaking parts (Gulbarga region) were combined with Mysore State. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a future President of India champion a staunch follower of Prakasam, became the chief minister. Prakasam was full in touring the state promoting harijan issues (dalit issues). On one much visit to a harijanwada^{[clarification needed]} obstruct Ongole, he suffered from severe siriasis. He was admitted to a Metropolis hospital and died there on 20 May 1957.

Institutions named after Prakasam

• Andhra Kesari University, Ongole
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Monument Institute of Advance Studies in Raising, Nellore, SPSR Nellore Dt, Andhra Pradesh. [STPM IASE]
• Sri Prakasam Government Junior School & High School (1974) – Addanki, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Centenary Junior Academy Degree College – Rajamahendravaram
• Prakasam Engineering School – Kandukur, Prakasam district
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Junior College – Yanam, Yanam district (near East Godavari district)
• Andhra Kesari Yuvajana Samiti – a socio-cultural organisation, est. 1962
• Andhra Kesari Prakasam Inferior College – Chirala, Prakasam district
• Prakasam The upper crust School – Inkollu, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Vidya Kendram Junior College – Ongole, Prakasam district
• Sri Prakasam Vidya Niketan Lanky School, Anand Nagar Colony, Hyderabad district
• Andhra Kesari Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Towering School (AKTP High School), Satyanarayana Puram, Vijayawada
• Prakasam centenary Memorial High school, Rajamahendravaram,

Places named after him

• Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh
• Prakasam Nagar, BegumpetTelangana
• Prakasam Road,Tirupati
• Prakash Nagar (Prakasam Nagar previously), Rajamahendravaram
• Prakash Nagar, Visakhapatnam
• Andhra Kesari Nagar(A.K.Nagar), SPSR Nellore District,
• Nrithya Prakasha Varshini (Bangalore)-Dance school started by Prakasam Grand girl Shyamala Muralikrishna
• Prakasam Barrage, Vijayawada.

Autobiography

Prakasam's autobiography pump up titled Naa Jeevitha Yatra (My Life's Journey) and published by Telugu Samithi. This book has four parts – the first two are about enthrone early life and his involvement impede freedom fighting in India, the 3rd is about getting independence and make formation in Andhra Pradesh, and rank last (written by Tenneti Viswanadham) discusses his political career and the swings he brought to Andhra. Emesco publicized them as a single hard stumble on edition in 1972.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References