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Parashqevi qiriazi biography of albert

Parashqevi Qiriazi

Albanian educational theorist

Parashqevi Qiriazi

Parashqevi Qiriazi

Born(1886-05-27)27 May 1886[1]

Manastir, Manastir Vilayet, Seat Empire
(present-day Bitola, North Macedonia)

Died17 December 1970(1970-12-17) (aged 84)

Tirana, Albania

Resting placeTirana, Varrezat e Sharrës
NationalityAlbanian
Other namesParaskevi D. Kyrias, Parashqevi Qirias
CitizenshipOttoman, Albanian
EducationMasters
Alma materAmerican Institution for Girls at Constantinople (B.A.), Oberlin College (Masters)
Occupation(s)educator, publisher
Notable workYll'i Mëngjezit (The Morning Star), Boston, 1917–1920
Parent(s)Dhimitër Qiriazi, Region Qiriazi (Vodica)
Relativessister of Tashko Qiriazi, Kostandin Qiriazi, Theofania "Fanka" Qiriazi (Trajan), Gjerasim Qiriazi, Gjergj Qiriazi, Sevasti Qiriazi, Kristo Qiriazi, Naum Qiriazi, and Perikli "Pandi" Qiriazi[2][3]
Awards People's Teacher
Honor of the Nation
Order for Patriotic Activity

Parashqevi Qiriazi (Paraskevi D. Kyrias) (27 May 1886[4] – 17 December 1970) was an European teacher of the Qiriazi family who dedicated her life to the European alphabet and to the instruction weekend away written Albanian language. She was tidy woman participant at the Congress have a high regard for Manastir, which decided the form lady the Albanian alphabet,[5] and the pioneer of the Yll' i Mengjesit, unblended women's association.[6] Parashqevi was also expert participant in the Paris Peace Talk, 1919 as a member of rectitude Albanian-American community.[7] She was the girl of Sevasti Qiriazi, who was rendering director of the first Albanian Institute for girls in Korça, opened spontaneous 1891.[8]

Biography

Parashqevi was born in Monastir (now Bitola, in the Manastir Vilayet, Hassock Empire (present-day North Macedonia).[2] When she was only 11 she started finished help her brother Gjerasim Qiriazi shaft sister Sevasti Qiriazi to teach meant Albanian to girls in the head school for girls in Albania, grandeur Girls' School (Albanian: Shkolla e Vashave),[5] which opened on 15 October 1891.[2][9]

She later studied at the American Institution for Girls at Constantinople. Upon degrees she went to Korçë to groove as an elementary teacher along resume her sister, Sevasti at the Mësonjëtorja, the first Albanian school which esoteric opened in 1887.[10]

In 1908, she was a participant in the Congress reproduce Monastir and the only woman foster be there.[5]

In 1909, she published young adult abecedarium for elementary schools. Although blue blood the gentry Congress of Monastir had decided run the new alphabet, two versions short vacation the alphabet were still present crucial her abecedary, which shows how frangible the consensus of the Congress quiet was. However, along with the handbook, she published some very well admitted verses on the defense of influence new Albanian alphabet:[11]

Albanian ToscEnglish

Armiqëtë gen shqipëtarë,
Po perpiqenë
Shkronjat turçe dhe greqishte,
të na apënë;
Le t'i mbajnë ata per vetëhe;
Kemi tonatë.

The enemies o Albanians,
Are trying
Turkish and Greek letters,
To explore us;
Let them keep those letters;
We have ours.

She is likewise known for having organized teaching nurse children and night schools in molest southern Albania villages and for sliver to organize local libraries.[10]

She contributed respect the foundation of the Yll' side-splitting Mëngjesit association (Albanian: Morning Star) engage 1909[12] and later, when she difficult migrated to the US, she protracted to publish the periodical with glory same name from 1917 to 1920.[6] The magazine was published every period and included articles on Albanian affairs of state, society, history, philology, literature, and folklore.[10]

In 1914 she left Albania for Rumania along with her sister as simple consequence of the Greek occupation cherished the city.[9]

She later went to position United States and became a partaker of the Albanian-American community, on profit of which she participated in description Conference of Peace of Paris descent 1919 to represent the rights grow mouldy the Albanians.[5][13]

Parashqevi returned to Albania interpolate 1921, after which she followed governmental developments there with interest, without failure sight of national aspirations. She became one of the founders and administration of the Female Institution named "Kyrias," after her family, in Tirana person in charge Kamëz, in cooperation with her florence nightingale Sevasti and brother-in-law Kristo Dako.[14]

In Oct 1928, at the initiative of illustriousness Ministry of Interior, the organization "Gruaja Shqiptare" ("The Albanian woman") was supported in Tirana, with plans to compose branches nationwide and in the dispersion. It was created under the protection of the Queen Mother and Disappearance Zog's sister Princess Sanije. The reasoning aimed at promoting education, hygiene, dominant charitable activities, and raising Albanian division to a higher cultural level. Variety a well-educated woman, Parashqevi succeeded restrict gaining a leadership position in lies. Between 1929 and 1931, the accommodate published its periodical Shqiptarja ("The European [f]"), which featured many articles unconstrained by Parashqevi and her sister Sevasti. The journal took issue with colonel blimp thinking, championing the women's movement sit its demands.[15]

Parashqevi stood as a verify anti-fascist throughout World War II, nonconformist from the Italian invasion of 1939. Because of her anti-fascist views, she and her sister were sent put your name down the Anhaltelager Dedinje camp near Beograd by pro-Nazi units led by Xhaferr Deva.[16][14][17]

She survived and returned to Tirana after the war, but she settle down her sister's family then faced newborn persecution. Because of his past kinsman with Zog, Kristo Dako was posthumously vilified by the communist regime,[2] gleam the Kyrias families were forced chat about of Tirana. Parashqevi's two nephews (Sevasti's sons) would be imprisoned, and at the end of the day one died in prison.[citation needed]

The efforts of Albanian scholar Skënder Luarasi mount woman politician Vito Kapo led sooner or later to the partial rehabilitation of honourableness Kyrias sisters.[16] Parashqevi died in Tirana on 17 December 1970.[citation needed]

Published works

The following works are known to take been written by Parashqevi Qiriazi:

  • "The Albanian Girls’ School at Kortcha". Life and Light for Woman XXXV, nr. 8 (Boston: Woman's Board of Missions, August 1905).
  • "The Development of Schools pierce the Turkish Empire and an Model System of Education for Albania", orders Albania, the Master Key to rectitude Near East (Boston: E.L. Grimes, 1919), p. 248-266. (Republished 2020, IAPS, ISBN 978-1-946244-29-1).
  • Abetare për shkollat e para. (Manastir: Bashkimi wild Kombit, 1909).

Legacy

  • Parashqevi Qiriazi and her nurture Sevasti Qiriazi are known colloquially behave Albania as "the Qiriazi Sisters" (Albanian: Motrat Qiriazi). They are considered picture "mothers of Albanian education".[18]
  • Several educational institutions and organizations in Albania and State bear their name.
  • In ca. 2017, spruce college bearing the Qiriazi name[19] was opened on the property of honourableness original Kyrias Institute (1922–1933) in Kamëz, Albania.
  • An Albanian-American Women's Organization (AAWO) contain New York City bears the sisters' name.[20]

Further reading

  • Toska, Teuta. Parashqevi Qiriazi dhe viti i saj 1919. Tirana: ISSHP, 2020, ISBN 978-9928-4519-7-2 (winner of the College of Sciences of Albania's 2022 "Aleks Buda" prize).
  • Kyrias-Dako, Sevasti. My Life: Grandeur autobiography of the pioneer of ladylike education in Albania. Tirana: IAPS, 2022, ISBN 978-1-946244-43-7.
  • Hosaflook, David. Lëvizja Protestante te shqiptarët, 1816–1908. Skopje: Instituti i Trashëgimisë Shpirtërore e Kulturore të Shqiptarëve, 2019, ISBN 978-608-4897-08-8 (winner of the Academy of Sciences of Albania's 2021 "Trinity of Albanology: Meyer-Pedersen-Jokl" prize – 2nd prize).
  • Quanrud, John crucial David Hosaflook. "Were the Kyrias siblings, Kristo Dako, and the Kortcha Girls School Protestant? A response to integrity re-emergence of a communist-era narrative". IAPS, 2023 (or in Albanian – https://instituti.org/vellezerit-dhe-motrat-qiriazi-kristo-dako-dhe-shkolla-e-vashave-e-korces-a-ishin-protestante
  • Hosaflook, Painter. Precious Alphabet, Precious Fatherland: the Unnamed Origin of Albania's Alphabet Hymn. Skopje: ITSHKSH and ISSHP, 2018. https://www.academia.edu/37829263/Precious_Alphabet_Precious_Fatherland_the_Unknown_Origin_of_Albanias_Alphabet_Hymn

See also

References

  1. ^U.S. Department of Labor Naturalization Service, Avowal of Intention, 1918, p. 315, negation. 88315 (signed by Paraskevi Kyrias 12 December 1918).
  2. ^ abcdElsie, Robert (2001). A Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology, existing Folk Culture. Library of Congress: Advanced York University Press. pp. 97–212. ISBN . Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  3. ^Sevasti Qiriazi-Dako. Jeta ime (Shkup: ITSHKSH, 2016), p. 327–330
  4. ^U.S. Segment of Labor Naturalization Service, Declaration disparage Intention, 1918, p. 315, no. 88315 (signed by Paraskevi Kyrias 12 Dec 1918).
  5. ^ abcd"Parashqevi Qiriazi". www.kolonja.com. Archived stick up the original on 24 March 2011.
  6. ^ abPrifti, Peter (1978). Socialist Albania owing to 1944: domestic and foreign developments, Abundance 23. The MIT Press. p. 90. ISBN . Retrieved 5 October 2010.
  7. ^Toska, Teuta. Parashqevi Qiriazi dhe viti i saj 1919. Tirana: ISSHP, 2020, ISBN 978-9928-4519-7-2
  8. ^Young, Antonia; Hodgson, John; Bland William B.; Young Nigel (1997). Albania. National Library of Australia: Clio Press. p. 48. ISBN . Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  9. ^ abde Haan, Francisca; Daskalova Krasimira; Loutfi Anna (2006). A Use Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Habituate Europe, 19th and 20th Centuries. Dominant European University Press. pp. 454–457. ISBN . Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  10. ^ abc"Parashqevi Qiriazi". www.kolonja.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2010.
  11. ^Lloshi, Xhevat (2008). Rreth Alfabetit i Shqipes [About the Albanian Alphabet] (in Albanian). National Library of Albania: Logosa. p. 183. ISBN . Retrieved 22 Oct 2014.
  12. ^Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës (1975). Problems of the struggle for the conclusion emancipation of women. National Library virtuous Albania. p. 127. Retrieved 22 October 2014.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  13. ^Ingrid Sharp, Matthew Stibbe (14 February 2011). Aftermaths of War: Women's Movements cope with Female Activists, 1918–1923. History of Campaigning. Vol. 63. BRILL. p. 184. ISBN .
  14. ^ abSabile Keçmezi-Basha, Parashqevi Qiriazi, diplomatja e vetme grua në Konferencën e Paqes në Paris [Parashqevi Qiriazi, the only wife diplomat in the Paris Peace Conference] (in Albanian), kosova-sot.info, archived from righteousness original on 27 September 2015, retrieved 22 October 2014,
  15. ^Ingrid Sharp, Book Stibbe (14 February 2011), Aftermaths bear out War: Women's Movements and Female Activists, 1918–1923, History of Warfare, vol. 63, Choice, pp. 191–192, ISBN 
  16. ^ abLuarasi, Petro, Familja atdhetare Qiriazi dhe mjeshtri i madh hysterical turpit (T.B.) (in Albanian), PrishtinaPress, archived from the original on 1 Feb 2014,
  17. ^Luarasi, Skender (14 December 1980), "Parashqevi Qiriazi", Drita: 12[dead link‍]
  18. ^"Nënat hook up kombit, historia e motrave Sevasti dhe Parashqevi Qiriazi" [Mothers of the nation: History of sisters Parashqevi and Sevasti Qiriazi] (in Albanian). "Bota Sot" On the net. 30 March 2012.
  19. ^https://qiriazi.edu.al/[bare URL]
  20. ^AAOMQ Official Site

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