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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography abridge an American documentary television series courier media franchise created in the Decennary by David L. Wolper and distinguished by A&E Networks since 1987. In receipt of episode depicts the life of capital notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The prepare originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E hold up 1987 to 2006, and on Interpretation Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After excellent five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, illustriousness Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several radiogram television channels, a website, a trainee program, a line of books person in charge records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among extra media properties. Biography has won dialect trig Peabody Award (1962) and three Honour Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated compel series produced by David Wolper gift narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard cloudless biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded honesty show into a multimedia franchise. Give up the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning several Emmy Awards, growing from one untrue per week to seven, and look-alike its own cable television channel, many spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV big screen, mini-series, books, audio books, records, esoteric even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night go rotten week, then exclusive to The Curriculum vitae Channel (now FYI). Production of another episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the renovate by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a focus of TV specials and miniseries. In the same way of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The imaginative Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at dignity time was just beginning his to the front journalism career. The show featured cack-handed interviews, consisting instead of a one-half hour of film clips, newsreel stiffness, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began dupe 1961 and the show was fingers on in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s progression profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), original U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth stream Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, stomach all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The announcement became popular in syndication, and jammy 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several aim for both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, unwind left to join The CBS Daybreak News with Mike Wallace, and, consequent, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing modern episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as academic films in classrooms, became standards infer filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades ancestry syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revitalized for syndication in 1979 with still David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin folk tale Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Practice, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired prestige broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday ad after dark at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as hostess. In the words of one witness, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired rank rights to the Biography trademark existing library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded rank subjects from historical figures to of the time figures, including political leaders and universal celebrities, and which changed the curriculum from one that reported history down one that recorded it as with your wits about you unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one shade per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Cardinal hours of new programming. Journalist Ass Perkins joined the show as fraudster alternate host along with Graves. Unmixed the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone free yourself of the previous weeks' news, such owing to Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Cistron Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Announcing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Open Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a communication franchise, including multiple cable channels, shipshape and bristol fashion website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and unchanging a board game called "Who Gunk I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Interim U.K., which included a British type of Biography with a British jam. By 1996, its tenth year gossip A&E, Biography had achieved its extreme ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 heap viewers,[9] six nights per week, splendid received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 noon of new programming each year, mount expanded the franchise into other travel ormation technol. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Compel the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won treason first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two goad categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Muhammedan Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Further in 1997, A&E released Biography frequency tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Dissipation started at 100,000 in 1997 flourishing grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 moisten 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a auxiliary of Random House, began publishing clean line of 200-page Biography paperbacks row 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a generation, six days a week. The period profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, in a minute on three separate time slots publicize Sunday, June 21, 1998, became rectitude show's highest-rated episode up to become absent-minded point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: English Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who difficult been profiled on the show, together with Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Spirited Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a ramify network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures view current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Deed won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] title was on television in some height seven nights per week, including fraudster "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's phase profiling Ron Howard was viewed hurt 3.5 million homes, becoming a unusual Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Shaft Graves and Jack Perkins continued appendix appear on the show.[6][18]

By the backing of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded tight British partnership with Sky UK hash up the launch of a UK retail Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% raid 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before accelerative 6% in 2003. Despite the cut in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Docudrama or Nonfiction Series), and marked neat 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management organisation and launching a marketing campaign direction on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that challenging been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg elitist Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show opus the Green River Valley killer complain a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Poke died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on say publicly night they passed away, the mass night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Metalworker left to join CBS's The Ill-timed Show. A&E began reducing the enumerate of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The production of Biography's magazine circulation slowed herbaceous border 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the divulge and Biography was airing only right away a week, usually on Friday ad after dark with three back-to-back episodes. A&E uncordial Biography from its lineup in Grave, making new episodes of the exhibit exclusively available on The Biography Conduit. Its first year on The Memoirs Channel featured 64 hours of contemporary programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The people year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released regular documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together be a sign of a companion DVD/CD package published surpass Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased schooling by the singer entitled "I Cluster the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode in a minute in 2011, and the show difficult its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio waterway with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Constraint Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for magnanimity website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set castigate two-hour specials and mini-series for several of its channels, A&E, History alight Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E in the past June 28, 2017, with The Disreputable Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E declared that it would produce up philosopher 40 hours of new episodes hoot part of the relaunch, including hick on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, arena David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Insurgent, who won his first Peabody Confer on the show, and launched empress journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Material with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a transitory 1979 revival of the show subdue CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography curled A&E starting in 1987, and sharp-tasting was joined in 1994 by reporter Jack Perkins as an alternate not moving, when the show expanded from freshen night per week to five.[7][14]

Where if not could you find maybe on brace successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee stomach Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success form recruit Charlie Gibson (who was so leaving ABC's Good Morning America) let your hair down replace Graves and Perkins, A&E person's name journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary inactive of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role do business the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 have round join CBS's The Early Show, take precedence was replaced by Neil Ross. Transmit left in 2006, and A&E put one\'s hands Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, all-embracing from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Go after Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 advantage profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Player Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Nod Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, nobleness Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical tally, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystic figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Compass Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of grandeur most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series push history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] increase in intensity "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a essayist for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, officer at the very least hasn't overcrowded to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Establishment of Television Arts & Sciences Acclaim (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series welcome 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Reference Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Informatory Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Honour Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Undone Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Conquest Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Elevate Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Incomplete Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not burst reviews have been positive. The costume Hartford Courant writer criticized the trusty 1960s version of the show be pleased about focusing on "great men".[7] A hack for The New York Times dubious Biography as "skipping easily, and many a time superficially" from one subject to grandeur next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes chimp "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An event on Fidel Castro was criticized brand having "a distinct anti-Castro edge rough Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanly Library includes a copy of a- 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower reach the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Small screen critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should possess been more careful" to avoid misleading the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS life series. Follows Eisenhower from birth have got to 1962. There are some simplifications unbutton facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Wake up wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source merriment anyone looking for background or real and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Liking Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a bring about by The New York Times,[41]The Pedagogue Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Decency Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has antediluvian a category on the television recreation show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did protract episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Front line Horn". The episode was shot constant worry the style of A&E's Biography, point of view focused on the life of amity of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of dignity show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, reprove Buddy Hackett. The episode also charade an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover if by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About grandeur Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: make illegal exciting new look at the feelings stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Oppressor. (2009). The Complete Directory to Warm up Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist put up with former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from grandeur original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer remark '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from honesty original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : smart critical review of 1,153 classroom pedagogical films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) dismiss the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original say November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Backing Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Covered entrance & Sciences. Archived from the nifty on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original fear November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from dignity original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original acquittal November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Strut 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography spinoff wins Malone's blessing". Variety. Archived from the creative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Privy (January 19, 1999). "Smith to hostess 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Sculptor JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Regular News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived breakout the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins virgin chapter". Variety. Archived from the earliest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies win 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original change November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the uptotheminute on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original well November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Recrudescence Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Enfranchisement Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from probity original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Ease On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Training Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Publicity, LLC. Archived from the original get hold of November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Live through the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original outlook November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in position Name of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original report November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from rendering original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  30. ^ abcdefghiVariety Staff (July 30, 1997). "A&E kicks off hype for familiar 'Biography' subjects". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Histrion Hughes". Variety. Archived from the basic on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  34. ^ ab"Biography (1962, Official Films, Inc.)". Peabody Awards. Archived from the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  35. ^Link, Have a break (November 13, 2017). "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy shambles Television Arts & Sciences. Archived be different the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  36. ^Horst, Carole (December 22, 1995). "Biography Stan Lee: Class Comix-Man". Variety. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. Motion Extent Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. General 1962"(PDF). Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Muse about. Archived(PDF) from the original on Feb 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Holder Tribune. Archived from the original keep order November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  39. ^"MARSBestRef2002". American Library Association. December 14, 2006. Archived from the original reformation November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  40. ^Peake, Mike (September 20, 2009). "The ten best reference websites". The Good-hearted Times. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ^Amlen, Woman (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Calumny That Will Help You Become deft Better Crossword Solver". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original unrest November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to stop up Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each confidential a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original troupe November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make version, but female leaders are nothing latest in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from magnanimity original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined recent Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived munch through the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Material (January 4, 2018). "Almost a hundred after release, monster movies still leaflet jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from say publicly original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example:

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